First lets have a look at something that we know: the tubby e. As mentioned before the phonetic script shows a head-down e. We know the sound from words like further, girl, world. You know the sound and it should not be any problem to pronounce the following words.
je (ich)
de (von)
This sound is represented by only one grapheme (one letter which causes this sound, in opposite to English where there are at least three different graphemes to this sound), it is e. This does not mean that every e is spoken this way. There are other sounds to this letter as well, as we will see.
